Nothing Was the Same
wrote, did needlepoint, and watched the manuscript pages slowly accumulate for the book I was writing about exuberance—an odd topic, given what we were going through. Richard worked on scientific papers as well as on a short book, Cancer Tales , that he was writing about his experiences with lymphoma and lung cancer . In the evenings, we had dinner with friends or watched movies, or I would read and Richard would disappear into his study to work, often into the early hours of the morning.
    Going to Hopkins for Richard’s appointments with Ettinger usually shattered the calm of our daily world. We were anxious driving there, anxious while we waited, and anxious, if not distraught, once Ettinger had spoken to us. We spent a great deal of time at the hospital. While Richard was getting his bloodwork and scans done, I worked on a needlepoint tapestry of entwining tulips that I cannot, now, bear to look at. Our time in the “infusion” room, where Richard received his chemotherapy, was better, and after a while, it did not seem so alien: Richard listened to Harry Potter books on tape and I read or did my needlework, we held hands, or we talked with other patients and their families.
    Life unfolded, as it will. Richard continued to feel reasonably well during the spring of 2001, although his scans showed slow growth of the tumors in his lungs. At some point, it became clear that the chemotherapy was having no effect, so we pursued experimental treatment options. We spoke to a vaccine expert at Georgetown University, who said that Richard, because of his recent bone marrow transplant, was not eligible for the vaccine trial. If necessary, however, he said he would apply to the National Cancer Institute for a compassionate use waiver. The NCI research protocols made it absurdly difficult for Richard to participate, however: Could he give truly informed consent? This seemed to us to be on the other side of Alice in Wonderland; Richard was a physician and a scientist, he had a terminal illness, and he had conducted clinical studies for thirty years at the National Institutes of Health. If he couldn’t give informed consent, who could?
    Fortunately, our friend Jeff Schlom, who is chief of the tumor immunology lab at the NCI, offered to help Richard with the inordinately complicated application procedure. In the meantime, Richard and Ettinger consulted with Judah Folkman and decided to try his treatment protocol, which was designed to limit the growth of the blood supply to tumors. There were, we were discovering, many options on the cusp of viability. Richard noted wryly that he loved being on the cutting edge of science, even if he turned out to be that edge.
    Richard went through the standard treatments for lung cancer and then the experimental ones. He lived a year longer than had been predicted for his type of disease, a year that was a gift of science and the hard work of people who did everything they could to save Richard’s life. But the tumors in his lungs grew; they grew erratically, sometimes not for weeks or months, but they grew.
    Science and medicine cannot be pushed beyond a certain point. Richard lived longer than initially expected because of the remarkable scientific times in which we live. He died because there are limits to knowledge. We knew these limits well—we saw them every day in studying and treating schizophrenia and depressive illnesses—and we were generally philosophical about them, Richard more so than I. Both of us, in our clinical teaching, had often quoted Sir William Osler, the first physician in chief at Johns Hopkins. “In seeking absolute truth we aim at the unattainable,” Osler had said, but we must be content with “broken portions.” I wanted the unattainable. I wanted Richard to live. I understood the concept of broken portions, but I wasn’t resigned to it.
    The first daffodils came. We drove to the Tidal Basin early in the mornings and took in the cherry blossoms and, on

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