Free Lincoln in the World by Kevin Peraino Page A

Lincoln’s relationship with Seward, see George B. Lincoln to Gideon Welles, Apr. 25, 1874, in “New Light on the Seward-Welles-Lincoln Controversy?”
Lincoln Lore
, No. 1718, Apr. 1981, p. 3 (“Never!”); Keckley,
Behind the Scenes
, p. 131 (“skein of thread” and “can trust him”); Rice, ed.,
Reminiscences
, p. 481 (“abolition sneak”). For a thorough discussion of Mary Lincoln’s interference inappointments, see
ALAL
, v. 2, pp. 262–73, especially pp. 264 and 266. See also Burlingame,
Inner World
, pp. 283–85; RW, pp. 68–69 (“disgrace”); Randall,
Mary Lincoln
, p. 193 (“very reluctantly”); Monaghan, p. 15; Holzer,
Lincoln President-Elect
, pp. 198, 332 (hard to control); Donald, “
We Are Lincoln Men,”
p. 155.
    116 . Mary Lincoln to Seward, Mar. 22, [1861,] in Turner and Turner,
Mary Todd Lincoln
, p. 81 (Honolulu); Grimsley, “Six Months in the White House,” p. 64; Herndon, “Lincoln’s Religion,”
Illinois State Journal
, Dec. 13, 1873, cited in Randall,
Mary Lincoln
, p. 426; Post, “Lincoln and the Reverend Dr. James Smith,” pp. 397–99. Smith was ultimately appointed consul on Feb. 18, 1863, and remained in office for the next eight years.
    117 . Clay,
Memoirs
, pp. 284, 321; Richmond
Southern Opinion
quoted in Randall,
Mary Lincoln
, p. 412;
The Independent
, Aug. 10, 1882 (“blundering outspokenness”), and the
Illinois State Journal
, Sept. 1, 1883 (“distant concerns”), both clippings in Ruth Randall Papers, LOC. See also Burlingame,
Inner World
, pp. 315, 325;
ALAL-DC
, v. 1, p. 629; and Shenk,
Lincoln’s Melancholy
, p. 96.
    118 . Elizabeth Todd Edwards interview with Herndon, [1865–66,] in HI, p. 445; Baker, pp. 198–99; Keckley,
Behind the Scenes
, p. 97 (“stupid state dinners”).
    119 . Russell,
My Diary North and South
, p. 41, entry for Mar. 28, 1861; Baker, p. 199.
    120 . Lord Lyons to Lord John Russell, Mar. 26, 1861, Russell Papers, BNA, cited in Jones,
Blue and Gray Diplomacy
, pp. 26–27, and Jones,
Union in Peril
, pp. 12–13. But see also Ferris,
Desperate Diplomacy
, pp. 213–14, for an account of the dinner that is more sympathetic to Seward.
    121 . Montgomery Blair to Lincoln, Mar. 15, 1861, ALP, LOC; McPherson,
Tried by War
, pp. 13, 16; Foote,
Civil War
, v. 1, locs. 943–1017.
    122 . Lincoln, “Message to Congress in Special Session,” July 4, 1861,
CWL
, v. 4, p. 424; McPherson,
Tried by War
, p. 18.
    123 . Foote,
Civil War
, v. 1, locs. 1127–52; McPherson,
Tried by War
, p. 9 (seizing arsenals); Samuel James to Seward, Mar. 20, 1861, Seward Papers, University of Rochester (“do something”).
    124 . Nicolay, “Memorandum,” July 3, 1861, in Burlingame, ed.,
With Lincoln in the White House
, pp. 46–47.
    125 . Seward to his wife, Mar. 29, 1861, in Seward,
Seward at Washington, 1846–1861
, p. 534 (“before us”); Donald, “
We Are Lincoln Men,”
p. 152 (firing offense); Nicolay and Hay,
Abraham Lincoln: A History
, v. 3, p. 449 (“dismissed the incident”).
    126 . Schurz to Lincoln, Apr. 5, 1861, ALP, LOC; Schurz, “Abraham Lincoln,” p. 739.
    127 . Brauer, “Gabriel García y Tassara,” pp. 9, 12–13. For a smart analysis of the colonization issue, see Eric Foner’s essay, “Lincoln and Colonization,” in Foner, ed.,
Our Lincoln
(New York, 2008). The quote about colonization as a “middle ground” is on p. 145. See also Foner’s recent Pulizer Prize–winning history,
The Fiery Trial
(New York, 2010).
    128 . Foner, “Lincoln and Colonization,” in Foner, ed.,
Our Lincoln
, p. 148. See also, pp. 150–51 (meeting withThompson, Crosby in Guatemala), 158 (just as racist); and
ALAL
, v. 2, p. 394.
    129 . Anderson, “1861: Blockade vs. Closing the Confederate Ports,” pp. 190–93. The quote is on p. 190. On the blockade debate, see also
ALAL-DC
, v. 2, ch. 23, pp. 2459–60; and Jones,
Blue and Gray Diplomacy
, pp. 56–57.
    130 .
New York Herald
, July 8, 1867, in
RW
, p. 423 (“we can”). Fehrenbacher