Free Great Soul: Mahatma Gandhi and His Struggle With India by Joseph Lelyveld

Gandhi,
Gandhi
, p. 436.
    7    
Through all his ins and outs
: Tendulkar,
Mahatma
, vol. 6, p. 125.
    8    
On August 8, 1942
: Mansergh and Lumby,
Transfer of Power
, vol. 2, p. 622.
    9    “
the biggest struggle
”: Tendulkar,
Mahatma
, vol. 6, p. 153.
    10    “
Mob violence remains
”: Mansergh and Lumby,
Transfer of Power
, vol. 2, p. 853.
    11    
Indian nonviolence had always been
: Tendulkar,
Mahatma
, vol. 6, p. 129.
    12    
In 1942, days before
: Jaswant Singh,
Jinnah
, p. 308.
    13    “
Give your blessings
”: Tendulkar,
Mahatma
, vol. 6, p. 271.
    14    “
I thought you had come
”: Pyarelal,
Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase
, vol. 1, p. 88.
    15    
Not only had the Congress
: Jaswant Singh,
Jinnah
, p. 540.
    16    
Putting it in writing
: Ibid., p. 541.
    17    “
I am amazed
”: Pyarelal,
Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase
, vol. 1, p. 88.
    18    
His aim, Gandhi remarked
: Ibid., p. 91.
    19    “
I have failed
”: Tendulkar,
Mahatma
, vol. 6, p. 276.
    20    “
Though I represent nobody
”: Ibid., p. 279.
    21    
This is so, at least
: See, for instance, Jalal,
Sole Spokesman
.
    22    “
I could not make any
”: Fischer,
Life of Mahatma Gandhi
, p. 437.
    23    “
Is there any reason
”: Narayan Desai,
My Life Is My Message
, vol. 4,
Svarpan
, pp. 225–26.
    24    “
In that hour of decision
”: Pyarelal,
Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase
, vol. 1, p. 239.
    25    “
India is not with me
”: Fischer,
Life of Mahatma Gandhi
, p. 424.
    26    “
I’m not going to discuss
”: Pyarelal,
Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase
, vol. 1, p. 252.
    27    “
Sword will be answered
”: Ibid., p. 464.
    28    
The district, known even then
: Gandhi’s first involvement in the affairs of Noakhali district came in 1940 when he was approached by Hindus there who represented themselves as being threatened by Muslim violence. He urged them to defend themselves by nonviolent means but then added what was for him an unusual but not unprecedented piece of advice: “If the capacity for nonviolent self-defense is lacking, then there need be no hesitation in using violent means.” Tendulkar,
Mahatma
, vol. 5, p. 249.
    29    
Hindus had been beheaded
: Scores of Hindu women were said to have been forced into marriage with Muslim men, but whenPhillips Talbot caught up with Gandhi there, so he reported, just two cases of abduction and marriage had been proved. Talbot,
American Witness to India’s Partition
, p. 203.
    30    “
Shaheed sahib, everyone
”: Pyarelal,
Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase
, vol. 1, p. 358.
    31    
The impression he retains
: Interview with Barun Das Gupta, Kolkata, Oct. 2009.
    32    
Before it burned out
: TheMuslim League claimed that fifty thousand Muslims had been slaughtered in Bihar. The official figure put the toll at under five thousand. The American Friends Service Committee estimated ten thousand, a tally Gandhi accepted on at least one occasion.
    33    
Suhrawardy didn’t press
: Pyarelal,
Mahatma Gandhi: Last Phase
, vol. 1, pp. 387, 397.
    34    “
If Noakhali is lost
”: Ibid., p. 405.
    35    
The answers, though Gandhi
: Ibid., p. 356.
    36    
At his first large prayer
: Ibid., pp. 370, 373.
    37    
Within a week, he found
: Ibid., p. 378.
    38    “
If India is destined
”: Ibid., pp. 379, 383.
    39    “
If the Hindus could live
”: Ibid., p. 381.
    40    
In an analogous quest
: Nirmal Kumar Bose,
My Days with Gandhi
, p. 47.
    41    “
I find myself in the midst
”: Ibid., pp. 46–47.
    42    
But four days after
: Ibid., p. 63.
    43    “
Hardly a wheel turns
”: Talbot,
American Witness to India’s Partition
, p. 202.
    44    
If the size of the Hindu population
: The figure generally given for the number ofHindus remaining in Bangladesh as a whole is on the order of 12 million, which would be about 10 percent of the country’s total population. In Pakistan, a country with a population nearly