Free At Day's Close: Night in Times Past by A. Roger Ekirch

noswaith weu in, 178
    Walpole, Horace, 106, 216
    Waltham Blacks, 256–57
    Ward, Ned, 80, 277
    Ward, Seth, 305
    Washington, George, 241, 256, 271
    watch-bills, 77
    watch coats, 136
    watchdogs, 95–97
    poisoning of, 97
    proper qualities of, 96
    watch-houses, 77, 80, 83
    “Watching Unto God in the Night Season” (Cowper), 308
    watchmen, see nightwatch
    “Watch-mens Song,” 82–83
    Watson, Elkanah, 143
    Watt, James, 329
    Watts, Isaac, 24, 33
    Wauch, Mansie, 319–20
    weapons, 34, 43, 66, 77, 94–95, 142, 172
    weather forecasting, 170–71
    weaving, 160, 164, 173
    Weber, Max, 325
    Webster, John, 23
    Wedgwood, Josiah, 329
    Wehr, Dr. Thomas, 303–4, 323
    Weinsberg, Herman, 138
    Welch Heiress, The (Jernigham), 283
    “welcome nights,” 202
    wells, drownings in, 28
    werewolves, 19, 143, 246
    West, William, 255
    West Indies, 176–77, 257–58
    Westminster Magazine, 150, 267
    Weyer, Johann, 23
    whale oil, 104–6, 330–31
    Whaley, John, 322
    Wheatcroft, Leonard, 197, 198
    whistling in the dark, 143
    White, Gilbert, 107, 133
    White Boys, 258
    Whole Duty of Man, The, 264
    Wife of Bath, 163
    Wiggers, Dean Henri, 220
    wild animals, 28–30
    as farm predators, 171–72
    Satan’s links to, 30
    sleep of, 290, 303
    Wilkinson, James, 24–25
    Wilkinson, John, 190
    Wilkinson, Richard, 255
    Wilks, John, 243
    Willett, Deb, 193
    William the Conqueror, 63
    will-o’-the-wisps, 18, 22, 23, 180
    wills, 84
    beds in, 274
    Wilton dog, 19
    windows, 17, 99, 158, 246, 293
    barred, 93
    burglaries and, 37
    curtained, 150, 270
    glazed, 93, 274, 292
    illuminated, 29, 63–64, 68–69, 199, 254
    shut, illness and, 14–15
    shuttered, 93
    wine, 25, 187, 188, 191, 235
    Winthrop, John, 313
    Wirsung, Christof, 286
    witch-bottles, 99
    witches, 16, 19–22, 48, 120, 121, 122, 140, 238, 239–40, 325
    African, 4
    benandanti and, 319
    broken sleep and, 307
    crimes attributed to, 21–22
    hunts for, 19–20, 22, 240
    magical protection against, 143
    magic of, 21, 307
    Roman strix, 4
    sabbaths of, 21, 22, 183
    Satan’s covenant with, 21
    sleep disturbed by, 292
    white, 98
    witch-steeans, 100
    Wither, George, 301
    Withey, James, 18–19
    Wodrow, Robert, 262
    wolves, 30, 171–72, 229
    “Woman’s Labour, The” (Collier), 306
    “Woman’s Work is Never Done, A,” 163
    women:
    abusive husbands of, 183, 282, 284
    adulterous, 193
    as alehouse patrons, 190, 192
    boulster lectures delivered by, 283, 283
    clothing of, 67, 136
    in communal sleep, 278–79, 281–84
    curfews of, 65–66
    genteel, illicit conduct of, 220–22
    husbands murdered by, 283–84
    libertines’ abuse of, 217, 223, 224, 225
    literacy of, 203
    magic and, 143, 183
    at masquerades, 216, 221, 221
    mishaps of, 26, 28
    mutual support of, 183
    as nightwatch members, 81
    nightwatch’s arrest of, 80
    nocturnal labor of, 160, 163–64, 173–74, 175, 177, 178–84, 305–6
    unborn infants extracted from, 42
    as vulnerable to lunacy, 12, 13
    see also sexual activity; witches
    wood:
    as fuel, 102, 103
    pilfering of, 240–41
    Wood, Anthony, 44
    Wood, Esay, 175
    Wood, William, 5
    Woodforde, Nancy, 129
    Woodforde, Rev. James, 106, 113, 186
    beer brewed by, 173–74
    cold temperatures suffered by, 294
    dreams of, 317
    medications of, 112
    nocturnal excursions of, 129, 131, 137
    smuggled goods received by, 242–43
    Woodlanders, The (Hardy), 91
    Woodmash, Francis, 222
    Woodward, George, 293
    “works of darkness,” 4
    Wright, Joseph, of Derby, 162, 206
    Wright, Thomas, 207
    Wrightson, Keith, 149
    writing, 207–8
    of nocturnal reflections, 310–11

    Yalden, Thomas, 192, 282
    Yates, Mary, 128
    Yoruba people, 4
    Young, Arthur, 134, 240
    Young, Edward, 97, 153, 207
    young people, 105, 192, 194–202, 232–35, 241–42
    as nightwatch, 81
    as poachers, 241–42
    see also apprentices; courtship; youth gangs
    youth dances, 196
    youth gangs, 222, 245–52, 256
    assaults by, 247–49, 250
    gang rapes by, 247–48
    middle-class targets of, 248
    nightwatch and, 249–50, 252, 253
    noisiness of, 245–46
    power