Free The Small House Book by Jay Shafer Page B

The greater the distance a rafter
    or joist needs to span, the thicker it and the roof or floor it comprises will need
    to be. A list of the most standard sizes for appliances and some considerably
    smaller options is also provided.
    pan Chart
    RAFTER SPAN RATINGS (for roofs with a pitch over 3 in 12):
    2x6

    2x8

    2x10
    SPECIES
    (16” o.c./24” o.c.) (16” o.c./24” o.c.) (16” o.c./24”
    A house in Mendocino, CA
    114
    Span Chart
    RAFTER SPAN RATINGS (for roofs with a pitch over 3 in 12):
    SPECIES 2 x 6

    2 x 8

    2 x 10

    (16” o.c. / 24” o.c.) (16” o.c . / 24” o.c.) (16” o.c. / 24” o.c.)
    Spruce/Pine/Fir 8’3” / 6’9”
    10’11” / 8’11” 13’11” / 11’5”
    No. 2
    Southern Pine 9’10” / 8’0” 12’11” / 10’7” 16’6” / 13’6”
    No. 2
    Ponderosa Pine 8’1” / 6’8”
    10’9” / 8’9” 13’9” / 11’3”
    Sugar Pine
    No.2
    FLOOR JOIST SPAN RATINGS:
    SPECIES 2 x 8

    2 x 10
    2 x 12

    (16” o.c. / 24” o.c.) (16” o.c. / 24” o.c.) (16” o.c. / 24” o.c.)
    Dglas. Fir - Larch 13’1” / 11’3” 16’9” / 14’5” 20’4” / 17’6”
    No. 2
    Dglas. Fir - South 12’0” / 10’6” 15’3” / 13’4” 18’7” / 16’3”
    No. 2
    Ponderosa Pine/ 11’4” / 9’3” 14’5” / 11’9” 17’7” / 14’4”
    Sugar Pine No. 2
    Design Criteria: Strength—10-psf dead load plus 40-psf live load
    Deflection—Limited to span in inches divided by 180
    Source: National Lumber Manufacturers Association.
    115
    Appliance Sizes
    Refrigerator Dimensions:
    Avg. - 68 1/4” H x 29 3/4” W x 31 3/4” D
    Small – 34” H x 19” W x 20 1/2” D
    X-Small – 17” H x 19” W x 20 1/2” D
    Range Dimensions:
    Avg. – 29 3/4” W x 46 1/2” H x 24”
    Small – 21 3/8” W x 16 11/16” H x 20” D (R.V. Style)
    Washer:
    23 3/8” W x 33 1/4” H x 22 1/8” D
    Dryer:
    23 3/8” W x 33 1/4” H x 22 1/8” D
    Water Heater:
    6-Gallon – 17 3/4” H x 16” Diameter
    Tankless – 29 3/4” H x 18 1/4” W x 9” D
    12-Gallon – 22 3/4” H x 16” Diameter
    Shower:
    Avg. – 30” W x 80” H x 30” D
    Small – 24” W x 72” H x 24” D
    Tub:
    Avg. – 60” W x 18” H x 30” D
    Small – 48” W x 24” H x 30” D
    Toilet:
    Avg. – 20” W x 29” H x 30” D
    Small – 18” W x 29” H x 24” D
    116
    Anthropometric Data
    More than 95% of U.S. adults are between 4’11” and 6’2” tall, with their shoes
    off. The average measures in at 5’7” (Architectural Graphic Standards). The
    remaining 5% have been excluded from the following data to keep it simple.
    If you or frequent visitors to your home are particularly tall or short, you may
    want to adjust accordingly. Ceiling heights and door widths have been calcu-
    lated to fit a 6’2” person comfortably. Reach areas have been calculated for
    an unaided, 4’11” tall person. Work surface heights have been determined by
    what will most comfortably fit someone at the 5’7” median.
    Ceiling Height:

    6’3” minimum
    Door Height:

    6’2” minimum
    Door Width:

    1’5” minimum
    Bed Width:

    2’8” minimum
    Bed Length:

    6’3” minimum
    Counter Height:

    2’8” minimum/
    3’2” maximum
    Counter Depth:

    1’4” minimum/
    2’6” maximum
    Door Knob Height:
    2’9” minimum/
    3’4” maximum
    Lavatory Height:
    2’6” minimum/
    3’3” maximum
    Control Knob Height:
    2’6” minimum/
    6’0” maximum
    High Shelf:

    6’2” maximum/
    Desk/Table Height:
    1’0” minimum/
    2’7” maximum
    Desk/Table Depth:
    1’0” minimum/
    2’8” maximum
    Booth Width:

    5’0” minimum/
    6’6” maximum
    Sleeping Loft Height:
    2’10” minimum
    Leg Room Under Table: 1’4” minimum
    Room or Hallway Width: 1’8” minimum
    117
    Codes and Regulations
    Until building codes catch up with the environmental and social realities at
    hand, the question of how to meet or beat minimum-size standards remains.
    If guerilla housing, variances, or pushing to have your local codes changed
    hold no