Free What Hath God Wrought by Daniel Walker Howe Page B

as an Imperial Factor (1957) and Kenneth Bourne, Britain and the Balance of Power in North America (1967).
    The causes of the war between the United States and Mexico are treated in Sellers, James K. Polk, Continentalist ; Pletcher, Diplomacy of Annexation ; Perkins, Cambridge History of American Foreign Relations , vol. I (all cited above); and Gene Brack, Mexico Views Manifest Destiny (1975). Polk’s statesmanship is defended in Justin Smith’s classic The War with Mexico (1919), vol. I, and by Seymour Connor and Odie Faulk, North America Divided (1971). Norman Graebner offers a judicious assessment of causality in “The Mexican War,” Pacific Historical Review 49 (1980): 405–26. Scott Silverstone, a political scientist, analyzes how Polk provoked a war, then framed the issue so Congress would vote for it: Divided Union: The Politics of War in the Early American Republic (2004).
    The U.S.-Mexican War has not attracted as much attention as so momentous a conflict deserves from either historians or the American public, but see Charles Dufour, The Mexican War (1968); Odie Faulk and Joseph Stout, eds., The Mexican War (1973); K. Jack Bauer, The Mexican War (1974); John Weems, To Conquer a Peace (1974); and John Eisenhower, So Far from God (1989). For contemporary illustrations, see Martha Sandweis et al., Eyewitness to War (1989) and Carol Christensen and Thomas Christensen, The U.S.-Mexican War (1998). On the army, see Richard Winders, Mr. Polk’s Army (1997); James McCaffrey, Army of Manifest Destiny (1992); Marcus Cunliffe, Soldiers and Civilians: The Martial Spirit in America, 1775–1865 (1968); and Richard Uviller and William Merkel, The Militia and the Right to Arms (2002). For the seamy side, see Paul Foos, A Short, Offhand, Killing Affair (2002). On the navy, see John Schroeder, Shaping a Maritime Empire (1985). On the sanpatricios , see Robert Ryal Miller, Shamrock and Sword (1989) and Peter F. Stevens, The Rogue’s March (1999). A superb reference work is Donald Frazier, ed., The United States and Mexico at War (1998).
    Attitudes of the U.S. public toward the war are treated in Robert Johannsen, To the Halls of the Montezumas (1985); John Schroeder, Mr. Polk’s War: American Opposition and Dissent (1973); Shelley Streeby, American Sensations: Class, Empire, and the Production of Popular Culture (2002); and Joel Silbey, The Shrine of Party: Congressional Voting Behavior, 1841–1852 (1967). Works in English illuminating the Mexican perspective on the war include Ramon Alcarez et al., The Other Side , trans. Albert Ramsey (1850); Charles Hale, Mexican Liberalism in the Age of Mora (1968); William DePalo, The Mexican National Army, 1822–1852 (1997); Ruth Olivera and Liliane Crété, Life in Mexico Under Santa Anna (1991); and Josefina Zoraida Vázquez, “War and Peace with the United States,” in The Oxford History of Mexico , ed. Michael Meyer and William Beezley (New York, 2000). Readers with a command of Spanish can benefit from Laura Herrera Serna, ed., México en guerra, 1846–1848 (1997).
    For the war in California, see Neal Harlow, California Conquered (1982); Andrew Rolle, John Charles Frémont (1991); Tom Chafin, The Pathfinder: John Charles Frémont and the Course of American Empire (2002); Dale Walker, Bear Flag Rising (1999); and Alan Rosenus, General M. G. Vallejo and the Advent of the Americans (1995). On the war in New Mexico, see Stephen Hyslop, Bound for Santa Fe: The Road to New Mexico and the American Conquest (2002); Howard Lamar, The Far Southwest (1966); Dwight Clarke, Stephen Watts Kearny (1961); David Lavender, Bent’s Fort (1954); and Norma Ricketts, The Mormon Battalion (1996). James Crutchfield, Tragedy at Taos (1995) covers the uprising from the U.S. point of view. Hampton Sides, Blood and Thunder (2006), a novel-like history of Kit Carson and the Navajo, includes a vivid account of the U.S. conquest of the Southwest.
    On Nicholas Trist and the treaty of peace, see Robert