Upper-Class Women in the Antebellum South,”
Journal of Southern History
, vol. 51, no. 3 (August 1985), 333–56.
5. Fildes,
Breasts
, 262–65.
6. Ibid., 345; Naomi Baumslag and Dia L. Michels,
Milk, Money, and Madness: The Culture and Politics of Breastfeeding
(Westport, Conn.: Bergin & Garvey, 1995), 135–38;M. Michelle Jarrett, “‘An Act of Flagrant Rebellion Against Nature,’”
Winterthur Portfolio
, vol. 30, no. 4 (Winter 1995), 279–88; Christina Hardyment,
DreamBabies: Child Care from Locke to Spock
(London: Jonathan Cape, 1983), 50–51; Anita Golo, “Infant Feeders Worth Collecting,”
San Diego Union-Tribune
, June 10, 1984.
7. Vern L. Bullough, “Bottle Feeding: An Amplification,”
Bulletin of the Historyof Medicine
, vol. 55, no. 2 (Summer 1981), 257–59; Baumslag and Michels,
Milk
, 135–38; Hardyment,
Dream Babies
, 50–51; Golo, “Infant Feeders”; Gabrielle Palmer,
The Politics of Breastfeeding
(London: Pandora, 1988), 174.
8. Dr. Darroll Erickson, telephone interview, June 9, 1999; James B. Meadow, “Time in a Bottle,”
Rocky Mountain News
, March 6, 1997; Debra Lee Baldwin, “We’ve Come a Long Way,Baby,”
San Diego Union-Tribune
, October 18, 1989; William S. Walbridge,
American Bottles Old and New
(Toledo: n.p., 1920), 55–72; Diane Ostrander,
A Guide to American Nursing Bottles
, 2nd ed. (York, Pa.: ACIF Publications, 1992), C-VI to C-XI, 171–72.
9. Patricia Harris and David Lyon, “The Power of Plastic,”
Boston Globe Magazine
, November 27, 1988, 22ff.; Dawn Clayton and Anne Maier, “For BabiesWho Want to Get a Grip …,”
People
, March 3, 1986, 41–42; Baumslag and Michels,
Milk
, 136.
10. Clayton and Maier, “For Babies,” 41–42; Baumslag and Michels,
Milk
, 80–83; Derrick B. Jelliffe and E. F. Patrice Jelliffe,
Human Milk in the Modern World
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1978), 205.
11. Joy Melnikov and Joan M. Bedinghaus, “Management of Common Breastfeeding Problems,”
Journal of FamilyPractice
, vol. 39, no. 1 (July 1994), 56ff.;
The Womanly Art of Breastfeeding
, 5th ed. (New York: Plume Books, 1991), 432; Huguette Rugeon-o’Brien et al., “Nutritive and Nonnutrivive Sucking Habits: A Review,”
Journal of Dentistry for Children
, vol. 63, no. 5 (September—October 1996), 321–27.
12. Patricia Stuart-Macadam, “Biocultural Perspectives on Breastfeeding,” in Patricia Stuart-Macadamand Katherine A. Dettwyler, eds.,
Breastfeeding: Biocultural Perspectives
(New York: Aldine de Gruyter, 1995), 16–17; Lisa Cloat, “Caring for Tiny Teeth: The Very Bottle That Nourishes a Child Can Destroy Teeth,”
Peoria Journal-Star
, February 10, 1999.
13. Cited in Jelliffe and Jelliffe,
Human Milk
, 209; Dettwyler and Fishman, “Infant Feeding Practices,” 181; Max Kaufman, “What’s in Infant Formula?”
Washington Post
, June 1, 1999.
14. Randolph M. Nesse and George C. Williams,
Why We Get Sick: The New Science of Darwinian Medicine
(New York: Times Books, 1994), 202; Fildes,
Breasts
, 278–79; Janet Golden,
A Social History of Wet Nursing in America: From Breast to Bottle
(Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge University Press, 1996), 132; P. J. Atkins, “Sophistication Detected: Or, the Adulteration ofthe Milk Supply, 1850–1914,”
Social History
, vol. 16, no. 3 (October 1991), 317–37.
15. T. P. Mepham, “‘Humanizing’ Milk: The Formulation of Artificial Feeds for Infants (1850–1910),”
Medical History
, vol. 37, no. 3 (July 1993), 225–49; William H. Brock,
Justus von Liebig: The Chemical Gatekeeper
(Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge University Press, 1997), 243–45.
16. Brock,
Justus von Liebig
, 245–49;Palmer,
Politics of Breastfeeding
, 163–65; Carolyn Crowley Hughes, “The Man Who Invented Elsie, the Borden Cow,”
Smithsonian
, vol. 30, no. 6 (September 1999), 32–33.
17. Palmer,
Politics of Breastfeeding
, 163–65; Rima D. Apple,
Mothers and Medicine: A Social History of Infant Feeding, 1890–1950
(Madison: University of