Free Teorías sobre la plusvalía (Tomo IV de El Capital) vol. III by Karl Marx Page A

quantities of labour which he refers to must be identical also; but, at page 221, he tells us that they are not, for that the one includes profits, while the other excludes them.» ([ John Cazenove ] «Outlines of Political Economy…», Londres, 1832, p. 25)
    152. «In point of fact, it will always exchange for more; and it is this excess that constitutes profits .» ( J. R. McCulloch «The Principles of Political Economy..», Londres, 1825, p. 221, nota) [507]
    153. «… quantity of labour, or of any other commodity, for which it [78] will exchange.» ([ John Cazenove ] «Outlines of Political Economy…», Londres, 1832, p. 25)
    153. «… in the ordinary state of things…» ( ibidem , p. 25)
    154. «… the ordinary state of […] the market…» ( ibidem , p. 25)
    154. « In point of fact…» (J. R. McCulloch «The Principles of Political Economy…», Londres, 1825, p. 221, nota)
    154. «… the quantity of labour, or of any other commodity…» ([ John Cazenove ] «Outlines of Political Economy…», Londres, 1832, p. 25)
    154. «… of any other commodity…» ( ibidem , p. 25)
    156. «… it is necessary to distinguish between the exchangeable value , and the real or cost value of commodities or products,. By the first , or the exchangeable value of a commodity or product, is meant its power or capacity of exchanging either for other commodities or for labour; and by the second , or its real or cost value, is meant the quantity of labour which it required for its production or appropriation, or rather the quantity which would be required for the production of a similar commodity at the time when the investigation is made.» ( J. R McCulloch in: Adam Smith «An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations», vol. IV, Edimburgo, 1828, pp. 85-86, nota II)
    156. «A commodity produced by a certain quantity of labour will […] uniformly exchange for, or buy any other commodity produced by the same quantity of labour. It will never, however, exchange for, or buy exactly the same quantity of labour that produced it: but though it will not do this, it will always exchange for, or buy the same quantity of labour as any other commodity produced under the same circumstances, or by means of the same quantity of labour, as itself.» ( ibidem , pp. 96-97)
    156. « In point of fact , it will always exchange for more; and it is this excess that constitutes profits . No capitalist could have any motive to exchange the produce of a given quantity of labour already performed for the produce of the same quantity of labour to be performed . This would be to lead without receiving any interest on the loan.» ( ibidem , p. 96, nota)
    157. «… a given quantity of labour already performed…» ( ibidem , p. 96, nota)
    157. «… the same quantity of labour to be performed.» ( ibidem , p. 96, nota)
    157. «… the […] labour to be performed.» ( ibidem , p. 96, nota)
    157. «In point of fact…» ( ibidem , p. 96)
    162. «… labour may properly be defined to be any sort of action or operation, whether performed by man, the lower animals, machinery, or natural agents, that tends to bring about any [79] desirable result.» ( ibidem , p. 75, nota I)
    162. «… to bring about any [79] desirable resulted.» ( ibidem , p. 75, nota I)
    162. «Services productifs […] du capital» ( Jean-Baptiste Say «Traité d’économie politique…», t. I, Paris, 1814, p. 474)
    162. «… services productifs de la nature. [80] » ( ibidem , p. 53)
    162. «… services productifs…» ( ibidem , p. 53)
    162. «… wages of accumulated labour .» ( J. R. McCulloch «The Principles of Political Economy…», Londres, 1825, p. 291)
    163. «M. Say… imputes to him, as an error, that “he attributes to the labour of man alone , the power of producing value. A more correct analysis shews us that value is owing to the action of labour, or rather the industry of man, combined with the action of those agents which nature supplies, and with