Free Stalin's General by Geoffrey Roberts

D. 2. The report was co-signed by political commissar M. S. Nikishev.
CHAPTER 5: IN KIEV
    Â Â 1 For Stalin’s speech, see O. A. Rzheshevsky and O. Vekhvilyainen (eds.),
Zimnyaya Voina, 1939–1940
(Moscow: Nauka, 1999), pp. 272–82. An English translation may be found in A. O. Chubaryan and H. Shukman (eds.),
Stalin and the Soviet-Finnish War, 1939–1940
(London: Frank Cass, 2002).
    Â Â 2
“Zimnyaya Voina”: Rabota nad Oshibkami, Aprel’-Mai 1940g
. (Moscow: Letnii Sad, 2004), doc. 82; and
Glavnyi Voennyi Sovet RKKA, 1938–1941: Dokumenty i Materialy
(Moscow: Rosspen, 2004), p. 5. A good summary of the Timoshenko reforms may be found in W. J. Spahr,
Stalin’s Lieutenants: A Study of Command Under Duress
(Novato, Calif.: Presidio, 1997), chap. 10. Zhukov became a member of the Main Military Council on July 24, 1940.
    Â Â 3 J. Colvin,
Nomonhan
(London: Quartet, 1999), p. 13.
    Â Â 4 See V. Anfilov, “Timoshenko,” in H. Shukman (ed.),
Stalin’s Generals
(London: Phoenix, 2001). Timoshenko published no memoirs.
    Â Â 5
Na Priyome u Stalina
(Moscow: Novyi Khronograf, 2008), p. 300. The next day Zhukov met Stalin again for a much longer meeting, but in the company of a number of other senior officers (p. 301). In his memoirs Zhukov mistakenly dated the meeting with Stalin and his posting to Kiev to early May 1940.
    Â Â 6 Zhukov,
Vospominaniya
, vol. 1, p. 287.
    Â Â 7 “O Prisvoenii Voinskikh Zvanii Vyeshemu Nachal’stvuushemu Sostavu Krasnoiarmii,”
Pravda
, June 5, 1940.
    Â Â 8 Many details may be found in R. S. Irinarkhov,
Kievskii Osobyi
(Minsk: Harvest, 2006), and M. Mel’tukhov,
Upushchennyi Shans Stalina
(Moscow: Veche, 2000).
    Â Â 9 Zhukov,
Reminiscences
, vol. 1, pp. 227–28.
    10 R. R. Reese,
Stalin’s Reluctant Soldiers: A Social History of the Red Army, 1925–1941
(Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1996), pp. 175–85. Reese’s treatment is based on the Kiev District’s records in RGVA.
    11 The Soviet invasion was mostly peaceful and incident-free but in his memoirs Zhukov described an episode in which he ordered two airborne brigadessupported by two tank brigades to seize control of bridges over the Prut River. His aim was to prevent the Romanians from violating an agreement that prohibited the removal of equipment and supplies from the occupied territories. The next day Stalin telephoned Zhukov and told him the Romanian ambassador had complained that Soviet tanks had landed on the Prut River. Stalin wanted to know how that was possible and laughed when Zhukov explained that only the airborne troops had flown to the bridges; the tanks had made their way there separately by road. The humor seems to have been lost on the Soviet censors, who had the whole passage expunged from Zhukov’s memoirs. After the Second World War communist-controlled Romania became a Soviet ally but the loss of Bessarabia and North Bukovina remained a sore point for many Romanians. The offending passage did not reappear in Zhukov’s memoirs until the tenth edition published in 1990. Zhukov,
Vospominaniya
, vol. 1, pp. 289–91.
    12 The text of this directive is reproduced in V. Krasnov,
Zhukov: Marshal Velikoi Imperii
(Moscow: Olma-Press, 2005), pp. 150–54. See also: Reese,
Stalin’s Reluctant Soldiers
, p. 184.
    13 K. Rokossovsky,
A Soldier’s Duty
(Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1970), p. 5.
    14 O. P Chaney,
Zhukov
, rev. ed. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1996), pp. 81–82. An extract from Kalashnikov’s memoir may be found in
Marshal Zhukov: Moskva v Zhizni i Sud’be Polkovodtsa
(Moscow: Glavarkhiv, 2005), pp. 97–99.
    15
Khrushchev Remembers
(London: Sphere, 1971), p. 144.
    16 See O. Rzheshevsky “Shaposhnikov,” in H. Shukman (ed.),
Stalin’s Generals
.
    17
1941 God
, vol. 2 (Moscow: Demokratiya, 1998), pp. 557–71.
    18 Ibid., vol. 1, doc. 95.
    19 Ibid.,