259, 281
Thomson, Jasper, 257–60, 281
Thomson, Richard, 257
Thorne, Robert, 28–29
Timur, 156
Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis, 34
Treaty of Lausanne (1923), 96
Treaty of London, 288–89
Treaty of Nonsuch, 123
Turkey Company, 105, 113–14, 118, 121, 122, 131, 134, 145, 193, 204
Turkish carpets, 206
Turkish republic, birth of, 96
Turks:
and Battle of Lepanto, 64–65, 289
depicted in theater, 287–88, 297
“Memorandum on the Turkey Trade,” 82–83, 96
Ottoman Turks, 46, 47, 82
and Persian shah, 51–52, 53, 242–43
trade with England, 93–94, 104–5, 112, 113, 121–22, 218
use of term, 5, 20, 22
war against, 25, 26
see also Constantinople
Tyrone, Hugh O’Neill, Earl of, 248
Umar, Caliph, 38, 49, 242
Umayyad dynasty, 37
Usman, Caliph, 38
Ustajlu, Abdullah-Khan, 47–48, 50, 52–53
Uthman, Caliph, 49, 242
Uzbeks:
Persian defeat of, 237, 238, 242
threats from, 48
Venice:
and anti-Ottoman alliance, 38, 39, 64, 119
Sherley’s travels to, 232–33, 234, 254–55
trade with Ottoman Empire, 9, 25, 47, 62, 72
Venice Company, 204
Vermeyen, Jan, 17
Verstegen, Richard, A Declaration of the True Causes of the Great Troubles, 182–84, 186
Virgil, Aeneid, 229, 296
Virginia Company, 291
Walsingham, Francis:
aging of, 181
and Anglo-Ottoman trade, 65, 72, 82, 124
and anti-Spanish alliance, 123–25, 129
and Capitulations, 183
death of, 141
and Hakluyt, 217
and Harborne, 96, 102, 118, 123–24, 141, 142–46
intelligence networks of, 84, 118, 124, 125, 162, 168
and Leicester, 117, 120
“Memorandum on the Turkey trade” (1578), 82–83, 96
and Moroccan trade, 68, 71, 72, 73, 82–83, 115–17, 119–20
and Portugal, 65, 83
and unregulated trade, 103–4, 115–17, 120
Ward, John, 297
Waring, John, 259, 260
Warner, William, Albion’s England, 54–55
Warren, Sir Ralph, 205
Warwick, Robert Rich, 1st Earl of, 121
Wattasid dynasty, 56
Wazzan, al-Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad al- (Leo Africanus), 268, 282
Webbe, Edward, 140–41
West, John, 205
Wheeler, John, Treatise of Commerce, 104
White Sea, trade route via, 41, 43
Whyte, Rowland, 261, 262
Williams, John, 66–67
Willoughby, Sir Hugh, 30, 34, 40
Wilson, Robert, The Three Ladies of London, 106–10, 113, 114, 156, 157, 196, 200
World War II, 188
Wright, Edward, 226
Wright, John, 74, 84
Wyatt, Sir Thomas, 15, 16
Wyndham, Thomas, 56–57
Zenden, Casper van, 270
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