A LTMAN HAD NEVER SEEN New York dressed so gaily. Bunting hung from every window, and Broadway was decked out in various elaborations of red, white and blue. Thereâd been an enormous parade earlier in the day, and it had left a festive atmosphere in its wake, people laughing and talking and in a thousand different ways expressing the joy they felt at what this dayâNovember 11, 1968, the 50th Anniversary of Armistice Dayâhad commemorated.
Altman, himself, could hardly believe the day had actually come. Fifty years since the Great War had ended, and the unlikely predictions of a few cock-eyed optimists had proven true. It really had been âthe war to end all wars.â
As he walked toward the little bookstore where he was to give his talk, it struck him that heâd never have thought it possible that the world would remain at peace for five decades after that odious treaty his native Germany had been forced to sign in that humiliating little railway car near Compiegne on what had been fatefully recorded as âthe eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh monthâ of 1918.
At the time, Altman could not have imagined that this treaty, with its many dreadful provisions, would actually put an end to war in Europe. Nor had he been alone in his doubts. The great economist, John Maynard Keynes, no less, had predicted that a second world war would inevitably result from this sorry peace, one that had saddled Germany with an impossible burden of reparations. In fact, it had been the resulting inflation, with its consequent social chaos, that had urged Altman to leave Germany and come to America, abandon impoverished, defeated Berlin for bountiful, victorious New York. To leave that world behind had been his goal in coming to America, and now, on this splendid anniversary of fifty years of world peace, he felt certain that heâd truly escaped it.
For that reason, it was with complete confidence that his life had been the result of his own wise decisions that Altman entered the bookstore where he was to speak, and after a few pleasantries to the audience, began his talk.
Heâd finished it only a few minutes later, exactly as planned, and just in time to conclude with his customary summation.
âTherefore, despite the magisterial splendor of the language Thomas Carlyle employed in his great book, The Hero in History ,â Altman said, âhis theory that the course of history can be changed by a single human being simply isnât true.â He felt quite satisfied with the thoroughly convincing argument heâd made against Carlyle. Not bad, he thought, for a man who was simply a rare book dealer who specialized in books and manuscripts in his native tongue, particularly those written just after the Great War, when Germany had seemed on the brink of economic and social collapse, a dangerously spinning maelstrom from which anything might have emerged.
Even better, the attendance was greater than heâd expected given the 50th Anniversary Armistice Day parties that were no doubt planned for this particular evening. In light of those festivities, Altman had hardly expected anyone to show up for his talk, despite the fact that the History Bookstore catered to a well-educated audience.
âRoman history would have followed the same course without Caesar,â Altman added now, âand France would have followed the same course without Napoleon.â
He thought of his vast collection of books and manuscripts, a bibliophileâs dream, shelves and shelves of works from the most famous to the most obscure writers. How thoroughly heâd searched through them, not in order to disprove Carlyle, but to support his theory that a great man could change the world. But in the end heâd come to the opposite conclusion.
âA nation may look for a hero who can restore its optimism and revitalize its faith in itself,â Altman said. âBut history is made by great